Houttuynia cordata polysaccharide alleviated intestinal injury and modulated intestinal microbiota in H1N1 virus infected mice / 中国天然药物

Houttuynia cordata polysaccharide (HCP) is extracted from Houttuynia cordata, a key traditional Chinese medicine. The study was to investigate the effects of HCP on intestinal barrier and microbiota in H1N1 virus infected mice. Mice were infected with H1N1 virus and orally administrated HCP at a dosage of 40 mg(kg(d. H1N1 infection caused pulmonary and intestinal injury and gut microbiota imbalance. HCP significantly suppressed the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α and decreased mucosubstances in goblet cells, but restored the level of zonula occludens-1 in intestine. HCP also reversed the composition change of intestinal microbiota caused by H1N1 infection, with significantly reduced relative abundances of Vibrio and Bacillus, the pathogenic bacterial genera. Furthermore, HCP rebalanced the gut microbiota and restored the intestinal homeostasis to some degree. The inhibition of inflammation was associated with the reduced level of Toll-like receptors and interleukin-1β in intestine, as well as the increased production of interleukin-10. Oral administration of HCP alleviated lung injury and intestinal dysfunction caused by H1N1 infection. HCP may gain systemic treatment by local acting on intestine and microbiota. This study proved the high-value application of HCP.

Bupleurum polysaccharides ameliorated renal injury in diabetic mice associated with suppression of HMGB1-TLR4 signaling / 中国天然药物

Bupleurum polysaccharides (BPs) is isolated from Bupleurum smithii var. parvifolium, a key traditional Chinese medicine. The study was to investigate the effects of BPs on diabetic kidney injury. After two intraperitoneal injections of streptozotozin (STZ) 100 mg·kg, renal injury in diabetic mice was induced and BPs was orally administrated at dosages of 30 and 60 mg·kg·d. The STZ injected mice developed renal function damage, renal inflammation and fibrosis known as diabetic kidney disease (DKD). BPs significantly reduced serum creatinine level and urinary albumin excretion rate, with the attenuated swelling of kidneys. BPs treatment obviously alleviated the pathological damage of renal tissue. The progression of renal injury in BPs treated mice was inhibited with less expression of type IV collagen (Col IV), fibronectin (FN) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The inhibition of inflammation in kidney was associated with the reduced level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). BPs administration suppressed the over-expression of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) with lowered activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in renal tissue of diabetic mice. Oral administration of BPs effectively prevented the development ofrenal injury in diabetic mice. This study suggested that the protection provided by BPs might affect through the interruption of HMGB1-TLR4 pathway, leading to the inhibition of renal inflammation and fibrotic process.

Flavonoids rather than alkaloids as the diagnostic constituents to distinguish Sophorae Flavescentis Radix from Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma: an HPLC fingerprint study / 中国天然药物

Sophorae Flavescentis Radix (Sophora flavescens Ait., SFR) and Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma (S. tonkinensis Gapnep., STR) are two commonly used traditional Chinese medicines from Sophora (Leguminosae) plants, which are believed to possess similar bioactive components with entirely different clinical applications. In order to find out the characteristic chemical constituents potentially leading to the unique medicinal properties claimed for each of the two closely related TCMs, an HPLC fingerprint method was developed for analyses of the alkaloid and flavonoid constituents of SFR and STR, respectively, which were further evaluated and compared through similarity calculation and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). The results from the present study showed that the alkaloid fingerprints of the two herbs were similar, with many components co-existing in both drugs and various batches of samples from different species being mixed together in the HCA dendrogram. However, their flavonoid constituents were totally different with specific fingerprints being yielded for each herb, and further HCA analysis showed that the tested samples could almost be clearly divided into two groups based on their origins of species. The results from the present study indicated that the flavonoid constituents could serve as the differentially diagnostic constituents of SFR and STR and might potentially attributed to their distinct therapeutic effects.

Flavonoids rather than alkaloids as the diagnostic constituents to distinguish Sophorae Flavescentis Radix from Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma: an HPLC fingerprint study / 中国天然药物

Sophorae Flavescentis Radix (Sophora flavescens Ait., SFR) and Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma (S. tonkinensis Gapnep., STR) are two commonly used traditional Chinese medicines from Sophora (Leguminosae) plants, which are believed to possess similar bioactive components with entirely different clinical applications. In order to find out the characteristic chemical constituents potentially leading to the unique medicinal properties claimed for each of the two closely related TCMs, an HPLC fingerprint method was developed for analyses of the alkaloid and flavonoid constituents of SFR and STR, respectively, which were further evaluated and compared through similarity calculation and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). The results from the present study showed that the alkaloid fingerprints of the two herbs were similar, with many components co-existing in both drugs and various batches of samples from different species being mixed together in the HCA dendrogram. However, their flavonoid constituents were totally different with specific fingerprints being yielded for each herb, and further HCA analysis showed that the tested samples could almost be clearly divided into two groups based on their origins of species. The results from the present study indicated that the flavonoid constituents could serve as the differentially diagnostic constituents of SFR and STR and might potentially attributed to their distinct therapeutic effects.

Anti-complement alkaloids from whole plants of Viola yedoensis / 中国中药杂志

Fifteen alkaloids were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the whole plants of Viola yedoensis by various column chromatographic techniques such as silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were identified as neoechinulin A（1）,N-benzoyl-L-p-hydroxy-phenylalaninol（2）,aurantiamide acetate（3）,aurantiamide（4）,anabellamide（5）,trichosanatine（6）,indole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester（7）,3-carboxyindole（8）,N-trans-feruloyl-tyramine（9）,paprazine（10）,7'-（3', 4'-dihydroxyphenyl）-N-[(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]propenamide（11）,cannabisin F（12）,N-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)octacosanamide（13）,N-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)hexacosanamide（14）and N-benzoyl-L-phenylalaninol（15）. All the compounds except 3 and 4 were isolated from this plant for the first time. These alkaloids exhibited anti-complement activity against the classical pathway(CP)and the alternative pathway(AP)with the CH50 and AP50 values ranging from 0.12 to 0.33 g•L⁻¹ and 0.22 to 0.50 g•L⁻¹, respectively. Preliminary mechanism study using complement-depleted sera showed that these alkaloids acted on different complement components in the complement activation cascade.

Removal of lipopolysaccharides from anti-complementary crude polysaccharides of Houttuynia Herba / 中国中药杂志

An Affi-Prep Polymyxin column was combined with a Phenyl Sepharose column and a Sephacryl S-300 column, respectively, to remove the lipopolysaccharides(LPS) in the anti-complementary crude polysaccharides of Houttuynia Herba. The contents of LPS in the polysaccharides were determined by chromogenic tachypleus amebocyte lysate(TAL)method during the procedure of purifying. The anti-complementary activities of the polysaccharides were also compared before and after the removal of LPS. Less remanent LPS was detected after purified using Penyl Sepharose combined with polymyxin column, with the clearance rate of 42.85%. All the columns had no effect on the anti-complementary activity of the polysaccharides. Penyl Sepharose combined with polymyxin column would be sound for LPS removal of the anti-complementary polysaccharides without reducing their bioactivity.

Polymyxin B as an inhibitor of lipopolysaccharides contamination of herb crude polysaccharides in mononuclear cells / 中国天然药物

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) contamination in herbal crude polysaccharides is inevitable. The present study was performed to explore the effect of polymyxin B on abolishing the influence of LPS contamination in mononuclear cells. LPS was pretreated with polymyxin B sulfate (PB) at different concentrations for 1, 5 or 24 h, and then used to stimulate RAW264.7 and mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPMs). The nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in cell culture supernatant, as the indications of cell response, were assayed. Bupleurum chinensis polysaccharides (BCPs) with trace amount contamination of LPS was treated with PB. 30 μg·mL of PB, treating LPS (10 and 1 000 ng·mL in stimulating RAW264.7 and MPMs respectively) at 37 °C for 24 h, successfully abolished the stimulating effect of LPS on the cells. When the cells were stimulated with LPS, BCPs further promoted NO production. However, pretreated with PB, BCPs showed a suppression of NO production in MPMs and no change in RAW264.7. In the in vitro experiments, LPS contamination in polysaccharide might bring a great interference in assessing the activity of drug. Pretreatment with PB (30 μg·mL) at 37 °C for 24 h was sufficient to abolish the effects of LPS contamination (10 and 1 000 ng·mL).

Preparative separation and quantitative determination of two kaurenoic acid isomers in root barks of Acanthopanax gracilistylus / 中国天然药物

The kaurenoic acid-type diterpenoids in Acanthopanacis Cortex have been reported to be the major active components. However, the diterpenoids are present as position isomers that exacerbate the challenges in obtaining standards compounds. Little work has been done on the quantitative analysis of the diterpenoids in the herb. In the present study, two diterpenoid isomers ent-16βH,17-isovalerate-kauran-19-oic acid (1) and ent-16βH,17-methyl butanoate-kauran-19-oic acid (2) with high purity were separated by analytical HPLC, followed by recrystallization in acetone. Furthermore, an HPLC-ELSD method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of 1 and 2 in 9 batches of Acanthopanacis Cortex samples. The HPLC separation and quantification was achieved in 40 min using an Agela Promosil C column eluted with a gradient of water and acetonitrile. The calibration curves showed good linearity (r ≥ 0.999 9) within the test ranges. The LOD ranged from 0.407 2 to 0.518 0 μg and LOQ ranged from 1.018 0 to 1.295 0 μg. The precisions (%RSD) were within 1.47% for the two isomers. The recovery of the assay was in the range of 98.78%-99.11% with RSD values less than 2.76%. It is the first time to establish a quantitative HPLC method for the analysis of the bioactive kaurenoic acid isomers in the herb.

Polysaccharides extracted from the roots of Bupleurum chinense DC modulates macrophage functions / 中国天然药物

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of polysaccharides extracted from Bupleurum chinense DC (BCPs) on macrophage functions. In the in vivo experiment, 1 mL of 5% sodium thioglycollate was injected into the abdomen of the mice on Day 0 and macrophages were harvested on Day 4. The macrophages were cultured in plates and treated with different concentrations of BCPs and stimulus. Effects of BCPs on macrophage functions were assessed by chemotaxis assay, phagocytosis assay and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Our results showed the enhanced chemotaxis, phagocytosis and secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines by macrophages when treated with BCPs. However, when chemotaxis and phagocytosis were up-regulated by complement components or opsonized particles, BCPs inhibited these effects. Also, the NO production induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) was suppressed by BCPs mildly. Moreover, BCPs had an inhibitory effect on the [Ca] elevation of macrophages. These results suggested that BCPs exerted modulatory effects on macrophage functions, which may contribute to developing novel approaches to treating inflammatory diseases.

Effect of Bupleurum polysaccharides on splenocytes from lupus like mouse re-challenged with Campylobacter jejuni-S131 in vitro / 药学学报

Mice were immunized with Campylobacter jejuni-S131(CJ-S131) to establish the lupus-like model. Splenocytes from lupus like mice were challenged with CJ-S131 to induce inflammatory response in vitro. Bupleurum smithii var. parvifolium polysaccharides (BPs) was added in the inflammatory model to observe its underlying mechanisms of action on lupus. BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups including normal control group, adjuvant control group and lupus-like model. Mice were immunized on Day 0 and 14 with CJ-S131 to establish lupus-like syndrome, and sacrificed on Day 19. Splenocytes from each group were collected and divided into blank control group, BPs added group (BPs 5, 10, 20, 40 μg·mL-1), CJ-S131 stimulated group, and CJ-S131 plus BPs group. The levels of total IgG, anti-dsDNA antibody, interferon-γ, interleukin-10(IL-10) and IL-17 were quantified by ELISA. The proliferation of splenocytes was determined in the MTT assay. BPs significantly suppressed the high levels of total IgG, anti-dsDNA antibody, IFN-γ and IL-10 stimulated by CJ-S131 and had no significant effects on increased IL-17 secretion and splenocytes proliferation. The results suggest that re-stimulation of splenocytes with CJ-S131 could establish an inflammatory model in vitro. The effect of BPs on lupus might is related to its inhibition of the production of autoantibodies and associated cytokines.

Protective effects of Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx extract on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of ethanol extracts of Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx (Maxim.) Hara (RJ) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice and the possible underlying mechanisms of action. The mice were orally administrated with RJ extract (16, 32 or 64 mg(kg(-1)) daily for consecutive7 days before LPS challenge. The ung specimens and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected for histopathological examinations and biochemical analyses. Pretreatment with RJ significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and reduced the wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio, the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and protein leakage, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in mice with ALI, in a dose-dependent manner. RJ reduced complement deposition and significantly attenuated LPS-induced ALI by reducing productions of inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The results demonstrated that RJ may attenuate LPS-induced ALI via reducing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, and reducing complement deposition and radicals.

Heteroclitins R-S: new dibenzocylooctadiene lignans from Kadsura heteroclita / 中国天然药物

AIM@#To study the dibenzocylooctadiene lignans from the stems of Kadsura heteroclita.@*METHOD@#Chromatographic separations of silica gel and semi-preparative HPLC were used. All of the structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 2D-NMR and HR-MS techniques.@*RESULTS@#Four dibenzocylooctadiene lignans were isolated from K. heteroclita. Their structures were identified as heteroclitin R (1), heteroclitin S (2), gonisin O (3), and schisanlignone A (4).@*CONCLUSION@#Heteroclitin R (1) and heteroclitin S (2) are new natural lignans.

Renchangianin E: a new dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan from Kadsura renchangiana / 药学学报

A new dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan, renchangianin E (1) was isolated from the stems of Kadsura renchangiana. Its structure and stereochemistry were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 2D-NMR techniques.

Isolation of an anti-complementary polysaccharide from the root of Bupleurum chinense and identification of its targets in complement activation cascade / 中国天然药物

AIM@#To isolate and characterize the anti-complementary polysaccharide from the root of Bupleurum chinense.@*METHODS@#Bioactivity-guided fractionation and purification was used to obtain the anti-complementary polysaccharide from the hot-water extract of the root of Bupleurum chinense. The polysaccharide was characterized by various chemical and spectral analyses. The anti-complementary activities were evaluated by hemolytic assay in vitro. The action targets were identified in the system with individual complement-depleted sera.@*RESULTS@#A homogeneous polysaccharide BC-PS2 was isolated as an anti-complementary agent. It was identified as a branched polysaccharide with an average molecular weight about 2 000 KDa, composed of Glc, Ara, Gal, and Man in the ratio 3.5 : 2.4 : 2.0 : 1.0, respectively, along with a trace of Rha and Xyl, and only 1.11% of protein. The main linkages of the residues of BC-PS2 include terminal, 1, 6-linked, 1, 3-linked and 1, 3, 6-linked Glcp, terminal and 1, 5-linked Araf, terminal, 1, 4-linked, 1, 6-linked and 1, 4, 6-linked Galp, terminal, and, 1, 4-linked and 1, 4, 6-linked Manp. The bioassay experiments revealed that BC-PS2 inhibited complement activation on both the classical and alternative pathways, with CH50 and AP50 of (0.222 ± 0.013) and (0.356 ± 0.032) mg·mL(-1), respectively. Preliminary mechanism studies indicated that BC-PS2 interacted with C1q, C2, and C9 components.@*CONCLUSION@#The results demonstrated that BC-PS2 is an anti-complementary polysaccharide, and should be important constituent of the root of Bupleurum chinense for its application in the treatment of diseases associated with the excessive activation of complement system.

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of flavonoids in Sophora tonkinensis by LC/MS and HPLC / 中国天然药物

AIM@#To develop analytical methods for the identification and determination of the flavonoids in Sophora tonkinensis for comprehensive quality evaluation.@*METHODS@#An HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS method was used for the separation and characterization of the flavonoids in S. tonkinensis, and a liquid chromatographic method was employed to simultaneously determine five major active flavonoids in this crude drug.@*RESULTS@#Seventeen flavonoids were identified, among which, seven were unambiguously identified as trifolirhizin, quercetin, formononetin, macckiain, kurarinone, sophoranone, and sophoranochromene by comparing their retention times, and UV and MS spectra with those of the authentic compounds, and the other ten flavonoids were tentatively identified by comparing their UV and MS/MS spectra with those of literature data. Furthermore, five major active flavonoids, including trifolirhizin, quercetin, maackiain, sophoranone, and sophoranochromene were determined in S. tonkinensis. All calibration curves expressed good linearity (r > 0.999 8) within the test ranges, and the recovery from this method was 96.40%-104.43%. The developed HPLC method was successfully applied to quantitatively determine the five flavonoids in seventeen samples of S. tonkinensis.@*CONCLUSION@#The developed method rapidly characterized the bioactive flavonoids of S. tonkinensis, and could be readily utilized to enhance the quality assurance approaches for this traditional Chinese medicine.

Anti-complementary constituents of Pogostemon cablin / 中国中药杂志

Guided by anti-complementary activity, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and reversed-phase column chromatographies were used for fractionation and isolation of the ethyl acetate and n-butanol soluble fractions of Pogostemon cablin. Eighteen compounds were obtained, including 15 flavonoids: 5-hydroxy-3,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone (1), 5-hydroxy-7,3',4'-trimethoxyflavanone (2), 5,4'-dihydroxy-3,7,3'-trimethoxyflavone (3), 5-hydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone (4), 5,4'-dihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyflavone (5), luteolin (6), quercetin-7,3', 4'-trimethyl ether (7), ermanine (8), 3,5,7- trihydroxy-3', 4'-dimethoxyflavone (9), quercetin (10), apigenin (11), kaempferol (12), 5-hydroxy-7,3',4'-trimethoxyflavone (13), kaempferol-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (14) and kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (15); one triterpenoid: oleanic acid (16); and 2 phenolic acids: vanillic acid (17) and benzylalcohol (18). The isolation of 5, 7, 8, 12-15 and 18 from the Pogostemon genus is reported for the first time. All isolates were evaluated for their in vitro anti-complementary activities on the classical pathway and alternative pathway. And the targets of the most potent constituent in complement activation cascade were identified using complement-depleted sera. Compounds 3, 7, 10, 12 and 16 exhibited anti-complementary activities toward the classical pathway and alternative pathway (CH50 0.072-1.08 g x L(-1), AP50 0.39-0.49 g x L(-1)), while 5 and 6 showed inhibitory effect on the classical pathway only. Mechanism study indicated that 7 interacted with C1q, C2, C5 and C9 components.

Chemical constituents of Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx and their anti-complementary activity / 中国中药杂志

To study the chemical constituents of Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx and their anti-complementary activity on the basis of preliminary studies. Target isolation guided by anti-complementary activity test, compounds in the chloroform and n-butanol fractions were isolated and purified by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, and preparative HPLC. The structures were identified by various spectroscopic data including ESI-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR data. The compounds were evaluated for anti-complementary activity in vitro. Eleven compounds were isolated from the chloroform and n-butanol soluble fractions and identified as stigmasterol (1), stigmas-9 (11) -en-3-ol (2), glaucocalyxin D (3), kamebakaurin (4), maslinic acid (5), corosolic acid (6), minheryins I (7), diosmetin (8), caffeic acid ethylene ester (9), caffeic acid (10) and vitexin (11). Isoquercetrin, rutin, quercetin, 3-methylquercetin, luteolin, 7-methylluteolin, and apigenin which were isolated from the preliminary studies together with compounds 9 and 10 showed inhibition of the complement system by the classical pathway. Compounds 2, 4, 6-9 and 11 were obtained from this plant for the first time. Caffeic acid (10) showed the strongest activity in vitro with a CH50 value of 0.041 g x L(-1).

Effect of Matteuccia struthiopteris polysaccharides on systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome induced by Campylobacter jejuni in BALB/c mice / 药学学报

Matteuccia struthiopteris is a nature plant, which contains a lot of potential active components. In the present study, we investigated the effect of polysaccharides extracted from Matteuccia struthiopteris on lupus-like syndrome induced by Campylobacter jejuni CJ-S131 in BALB/c mice. Mice were randomly divided into normal, model control, SLE model (vehicle treated), Matteuccia struthiopteris polysaccharides treated (30 and 15 mg x kg(-1)) groups and prednisone 5 mg x kg(-1) treated groups. The effect of Matteuccia struthiopteris polysaccharides (Ms) on weight and organ index of BALB/c mice was detected. Autoantibodies and total IgG production were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Proteinuria was measured and kidneys were examined by light microscopy. Compared with SLE model group, treatment with Matteuccia struthiopteris polysaccharides 30 and 15 mg x kg(-1) reduced weight loss and Matteuccia struthiopteris polysaccharides 15 mg x kg(-1) reduced spleen swelling (P < 0.05). The increased production of autoantibodies and total immunoglobulin G (IgG) were also significantly inhibited. Matteuccia struthiopteris polysaccharides protected kidney against glomerular injury in BALB/c mice with reduced immunoglobulin deposition and lowered proteinuria (P < 0.01). Matteuccia struthiopteris polysaccharides had a protective effect on lupus-like syndrome induced by CJ-S131 in BALB/c mice.

Determination of C21 steroidal glycosides in Marsdenia tenacissima by colorimetric method / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a quantitative method to deter mine C21 steroidal glycosides in Marsdenia tenacissima.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Methanol was used as the extraction solvent and the samples were purified by macroporous resin ADS-7. A mixture of sulfuric acid-methanol (4:1)was used as color-producing reagent. The absorbance was measured at 325 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There is a good linearity (r = 0.999 9, n = 6) within the range of 10.6-148.4 microg. The average recoveries of tenacissoside-H at different concentrations were 95.8% to 97.1% with RSD less than 2.4% (n = 5).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This method is reliable as a quantitative analytical method for the quality assessment of M. tenacissima.</p>

Determination of lignans of Schisandra medicinal plants by HPLC / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determinate the contents of lignans in the stems, roots and fruits of Schisandra medicinal plants.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>HPLC was applied to determine the contents of schisandrin, gomisin A, schisantherin A, deoxyschizandrin, d-epigalbacine, (+)-anwulignan, wuweizisu B, 6-O-benzoylgomisin O and wuweizisu C in the stems, roots and fruits of Schisandra.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The percent contents of 9 lignans in the fruits of 5 species were 0.52% - 1.96%, and 0.02% - 1.51% in the stems of 11 species. The lignans in the fruits of S. micrantha were similar to that of S. sphenanthera, especially with high content of deoxyschizandrin. The lignans of S. viridis were similar to that of S. chinensis and with high content of schisandrin, gomisin A and wuweizisu B. (+)-Anwulignan was present in the fruits of S. henryi and S. sphenanthera, in the stems of S. micrantha and S. pubescens var. pubinervis, and in the roots of S. bicolor with percentages of 0.77%, 0.42%, 0.50%, 0.26% and 0.38% respectively. d-Epigalbacine was present in the stems of S. pubescens var. pubinervis, S. pubescens and S. glaucescens with percentages of 0.89%, 1.51% and 0.17% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The lignans contents in the fruits of Schisandra were higher than that in the roots and stems. The fruits of S. henryi and S. sphenanthera, the stems of S. micrantha and S. pubescens var. pubinervis and the roots of S. bicolor, the stems of S. pubescens var. pubinervis, S. pubescens and S. glaucescens may be served as the resources plants of (+)-anwulignan and d-epigalbacine respectively.</p>